Movement reinvestment is a personality trait that may confound clinical balance performance. It is assessed using the Movement Specific Reinvestment Scale (MSRS) which has a conscious motor processing (CMP) subscale (tendency to consciously attend to and control movement) and a movement self-consciousness (MSC) subscale (tendency to be self-conscious about movement). The thesis objectives were to 1) explore relationships between movement reinvestment, balance confidence, and clinical balance outcomes, and 2) determine whether movement reinvestment explained variation in clinical balance performance over and above that of other established predictors of balance like age and balance confidence. Two hundred and forty-three older adults living independently in the community (173 females, mean (SD) age = 66.79 (7.31) years) completed the MSRS, Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale, and three trials (best trial taken) of a single leg stance (SLS) test (duration), timed-up-and-go (TUG) test (duration), functional reach (FR) test (distance), and obstacle course (OC) test (duration + error). First, bivariate correlations were conducted among all measures. Next, four separate hierarchical linear regressions were performed to predict clinical balance outcomes. In all regressions, age, sex, fall status, health status, and balance confidence were entered simultaneously on the first step, followed by CMP and MSC together on the second step. The results showed that higher CMP and MSC were associated with lower balance confidence. Higher MSC was associated with poorer clinical balance performance including shorter SLS durations, longer TUG durations, and higher OC scores. CMP was unrelated to clinical balance outcomes. Age and balance confidence were significant predictors of clinical balance outcomes. However, only the final regression model predicting OC score showed significant change from the initial model (R2 change of .018). MSC and not CMP was significantly positively related to OC score on the final step, after controlling for demographic variables and balance confidence. The results provide novel evidence of a relationship between greater self consciousness concerning movement style and poorer clinical balance outcomes in community-living adults over the age of 55 years of age. MSC can provide added insight into performance on a challenging obstacle course over and above that of other commonly used predictors including age, sex, fall status, health status and balance confidence. The results suggest that trait movement reinvestment and specifically MSC may be important to consider in clinical balance assessment protocols especially for complex adaptive gait tasks.

According to Davis et al. (2023), golf fans needed to be researched to understand the impact of LIV Golf’s creation and the announced merger between the PGA Tour, LIV Golf, and the DP World Tour. As a result, the purpose of the research was to understand how PGA Tour fans were influenced by the creation of LIV Golf and the announced merger with the PGA Tour. To fulfill this purpose, an interpretive approach to semi-structured interviews was undertaken. Ultimately, 20 interviews were conducted with adult highly identified fans of the PGA Tour, in which 19 qualified for analysis. With this open-ended approach, greater complexity and nuance of factors influencing fandom can be captured. Ultimately, the findings were situated within literature around the sacred and profane (Belk et al. 1989; Schindler & Minton, 2022) and communitas (Turner, 1969). These theories helped to explain how golf was formed and grew as a social group through participation first, indoctrinating those within the group to perform certain behaviours. As the norms surrounding participation transferred to fandom through contagion (Belk et al., 1989), fans were plotted into the Sacred Conditions of Sport, a conceptual model to illustrate a group’s conception of communitas and structure. Before LIV’s creation, most fans desired for strict behaviours associated with normative communitas and the structure as other-worldly, making the group’s norms collectively moral. Through LIV Golf and the announced merger, fans often shifted their perspective and saw the group as a manufactured structure and, therefore, unimportant to uphold beyond personal preference. Fans also often tended to desire more lenient behaviours associated with ideological communitas after LIV and the announced merger. While many desired this, few transcended to view the structure of the group as other-worldly, limiting the collective morality of the lenient norms. These findings add to literature and practice around sport fans and social groups primarily through the applicability of the Sacred Conditions of Sport to conceptualize the perception of a given groups’ norms. The present research is also relevant to illustrate how professional sport may operate in the modern, commercialized world, illustrating the impacts of commercialization on sport.

While some barriers for managing menstruation have been mitigated for cisgender women, trans, non-binary, and gender non-conforming trans, non-binary, and gender non-conforming people still struggle to navigate menstruation in a gendered society. With an increasing number of young people identifying outside of the gender binary, there is an immediate need to identify and address the barriers to managing menstruation. This review sets out to explore how trans, non-binary, and gender non-conforming people experience and navigate menstruation. Using critical interpretive synthesis methodology, nine pieces of literature including peer-reviewed journal articles, graduate theses, a book chapter, and a conference poster presentation were reviewed using thematic analysis. Four primary themes were identified: (1) menstruation is strongly gendered; (2) there exists inadequate trans, non-binary, and gender non-conforming- education and healthcare training; (3) the gendering of public toilets/washrooms poses a barrier to the management of menstruation; and (4) there exists a lack of diverse participants in studies and attention to intersectional menstruation concerns. A set of recommendations, specific to a variety of stakeholders is provided, and implications for future research are discussed.

For central force motion, the complete dynamical symmetry transformation group is derived from the known complete set of conserved integrals: energy, angular momentum, Laplace-Runge-Lenz (LRL) vector, all of which are local constants of motion, and a temporal quantity related to the LRL vector, which explicitly involves the time coordinate. The method uses Noether's theorem in reverse to obtain the infinitesimal symmetry generator associated to each conserved integral. For energy and angular momentum, the generators consist of a time-translation and rotations, which are well known. These generators describe infinitesimal point symmetries, which have a simple geometrical meaning given by symmetries of Newtonian space-time. In contrast, the generators for the LRL vector and the related temporal quantity are not infinitesimal point symmetries but instead describe infinitesimal dynamical symmetries that are not connected to space-time. Their physical meaning is discussed for the example of Kepler orbits. The first main result is a derivation of the explicit form of the finite symmetry transformations generated from the LRL vector and the temporal quantity. The derivation involves going to an extended space of variables and using a gauge freedom in the form of infinitesimal symmetry generators in this space. For a suitable choice of gauge, the generators take a fairly simple form which allows finding the finite transformations by an explicit integration of the corresponding flow equations in the extended space. These finite transformations describe new hidden dynamical symmetry groups. The second main result consists of applying a similar method to find the complete symmetry transformation group of the timelike geodesic equations in Schwarzschild spacetime. The transformations include a counterpart of the dynamical symmetries in central force motion arising from the locally conserved LRL vector and the related temporal quantity. The corresponding dynamical symmetries of the timelike geodesic equations have not appeared previously in the literature.

Professionals supporting adults with developmental and intellectual disabilities who engage in challenging behaviour (CB) are at increased risk for burnout, which contributes to the workforce crisis in the developmental services sector. Research on factors influencing burnout for professionals in this field comprises a growing body of literature, but the relationship between self- confidence and burnout remains unclear. This convergent mixed methods study aimed to explore support professionals’ conceptualization of self-confidence and potential factors associated with it and quantify the relationship between self-confidence and burnout. An online survey containing the Maslach Burnout Inventory and a self-confidence instrument, along with other closed- and open-ended questions, was distributed to 156 types of direct support professionals and 46 leaders in developmental services across Ontario, Canada (N=202). A preliminary model of self- confidence was constructed that contains several person-related, social, knowledge, and situational components. Length of time in the field, level of support from others, and types of CB exposed to were acknowledged factors reported to influence self-confidence. Furthermore, increased self- confidence significantly predicted lower burnout scores characterized by decreased emotional exhaustion, R2 = .048, F(1, 146) = 7.29, p = .008, decreased depersonalization, R2 = .026, F(1, 146) = 3.92, p = .049, and increased personal accomplishment, R2 = .097, F(1, 146) = 15.68, p < .001. Results may increase understanding of burnout and reduce burnout risk, thus enhancing the quality of supports provided. Additionally, the model of self-confidence may inform pertinent staff training targets for organizations in this field.

The Press, Volume 15, Issue 26 includes: New editor elected for the Press for next year.

The Press, Volume 15, Issue 24 includes: Former NDP Party Leader speaks of Socialism.

The Press, Volume 15, Issue 22 includes: Council wrangles over BUSU presidential race; DeCew residence price will increase; Brock to offer Child Studies B.A.; BUSU is reviewing a new health insurance plan for Brock students.

The Press, Volume 15, Issue 20 includes: Union president quits.

The Press, Volume 15, Issue 17 includes: Vian Andrews, who served as BUSU president for nine weeks before being impeached, was unable to secure a position on the Student Board of Governors at U British Columbia; Government funding to cut off grad students.