Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to compare bone speed of sound (SOS) measured by
quantitative ultrasound, circulating levels of IGF- 1 and biochemical markers of bone
turnover in pre- (Pr) and post-menarcheal (Po) synchronized swimmers (SS) and controls
(NS). Seventy participants were recruited: 8 PrSS, 22 PoSS, 20 PrNS, and 20 PoNS.
Anthropometric measures of height, weight, skeletal maturity and percent body fat were
taken, and dietary intake evaluated using 24-hour recall. Bone SOS was measured at the
distal radius and mid-tibia and blood samples analyzed for IGF-1, osteocalcin, NTx, and
25-OH vitamin D. Results demonstrated maturational effects on bone SOS, IGF-1 and
bone turnover (p<0.05), with no differences observed between SS and NS. Main effects
were observed for a reduced caloric intake in SS compared to NS (p<0.05). Therefore, SS
does not offer additive affects on bone strength but imparts no adverse affects to skeletal
health in these athletes.
